Server

What is a Server?

A server is a computer that stores and delivers website files. When someone visits your website, their browser sends a request to your server, which responds with the requested files.

How Servers Work

User types your URL or clicks a link
Browser asks DNS for your server's IP address
Browser connects to your server
Server processes the request
Server sends back files (HTML, images, etc.)
Browser displays the website

Types of Servers

Web Server

Delivers website content. Examples: Apache, Nginx, IIS.

Application Server

Runs your website's code. Processes dynamic content.

Database Server

Stores and retrieves data.

Email Server

Handles sending and receiving emails.

File Server

Stores files for access across a network.

Physical vs Virtual Servers

Physical Server

An actual computer in a data centre. Dedicated to you (expensive) or shared with others.

Virtual Server (VPS)

A simulated server running on physical hardware. Multiple virtual servers share one physical machine.

Cloud Server

Virtual servers on cloud platforms (AWS, Google Cloud, Azure). Scalable and pay-as-you-go.

Server Specifications

Key factors affecting performance:

CPU: Processing power
RAM: Working memory
Storage: SSD faster than HDD
Bandwidth: Data transfer capacity
Location: Closer to visitors = faster

For Website Owners

You typically don't manage servers directly – your hosting provider handles it. But understanding servers helps you:

Choose appropriate hosting
Diagnose speed issues
Understand limitations
Make informed upgrade decisions

Server Security

Servers need protection: firewalls, regular updates, access controls, and monitoring. Most hosting providers handle basic security, but you should verify what's included.